The Italian data protection authority ('Garante') issued, on 7 July 2022, its Decision No. 248, in which it imposed an urgent warning against TikTok Italy S.r.l. and TikTok Technology Limited, for envisaged violations of Article 5(3) of the Directive on Privacy and Electronic Communications (2002/58/EC) (as amended) ('the ePrivacy Directive') and Article 122 of the Personal Data Protection Code, Containing Provisions to Adapt the National Legislation to the General Data Protection Regulation (Regulation (EU) 679/2016) ('GDPR') ('the Code'), following a press release on the issuance of the warning in question. Background to the decision In particular, the Garante reported that it had started